North American natives used birch bark for numerous purposes. The bark
was used as a form of paper, to make musical instruments, children’s
toys, hunting and fishing gear, and as an element in decorative
beadwork. The bark was also used to construct vessels for holding and
storing foods and even entire canoes.
The main constituent in birch bark, betulinic acid, is named after the tree's botanical name. In the 18th century, Native Americans showed European settlers how to make salves and other topical formulations.